Even verder. Voor de duidelijkheid, Afwachten of Verwachten heb ik niet gelezen, en is niet in mijn bezit.
-> wat moeten we dan nog met Christus tranen over Jeruzalem en Zijn betuiging: hoe menigmaal heb Ik u willen bijeenvergaderen … och, of gij nog in deze uw dag mocht bekennen wat tot uw vrede is dienende?
Ziet hierover de kanttekening bij Mat 23:13:
13) hebt niet gewild.
Dat is, gij hebt zulks altijd gezocht te verhinderen, zie Matth. 23:13, en nochtans heeft Christus, tegen hun dank, al de zijnen uit hen vergaderd; Jes. 1:8; Rom. 9:29.
Blijkt daar wel, ook uit de kanttekening, dat al dat Hem van de Vader gegeven is, tot Christus komt. Denk niet dat je hier meent te zeggen dat Christus werkelijk, of heel Jeruzalem zalig wilde maken. Maar meer zoals een aardse rechter geen plezier heeft in zijn rechtvaardig oordeel van een moordenaar naar de galg te sturen, heeft God ook geen lust in de dood van de zondaar.
-> het is veeleer zo dat in deze hypercalvinistische leer Hebr. 10:29 de ijskast in gaat: Hoeveel te zwaarder straf, meent gij, zal hij waardig geacht worden, die den Zoon van God vertreden heeft, en het bloed des testaments onrein geacht heeft, waardoor hij geheiligd was, en den Geest der genade smaadheid heeft aangedaan?
Weten we beiden dat hier niet bedoeld wordt dat men uit de genade kan vallen. Hoe leg jij dit dus uit? Dit kan dus alleen zo uitgelegd worden, dat hier over degenen met een historisch of een tijdgeloof gesproken wordt. Volgt wat Calvijn hierover schrijft, waar, moet ik toegeven, het lijkt of hij hier over een aanbod van genade spreekt:
28. He that despised, etc. This is an argument from the less to the greater; for if it was a capital offense to violate the law of Moses, how much heavier punishment does the rejection of the gospel deserve, a sin which involves so many and so heinous impieties! This reasoning was indeed most fitted to impress the Jews; for so severe a punishment on apostates under the Law was neither new to them, nor could it appear unjustly rigorous. They ought then to have acknowledged that vengeance just, however severe, by which God now sanctions the majesty of his Gospel 182182 “Despised” of our version ought to have been “rejected,” as Calvin renders the word, for the renouncing of the Law is what is meant. Followed by “commandment” in Mark 7:9, it is rendered “reject,” and “cast off” when followed by “faith” in 1 Timothy 5:12; and “cast off” would be very suitable here. — Ed.
Hereby is also confirmed what I have already said, that the Apostle speaks not of particular sins, but of the entire denial of Christ; for the Law did not punish all kinds of transgressions with death, but apostasy, that is, when any one wholly renounced religion; for the Apostle referred to a passage in Deuteronomy 17:2-7, 183183 Both Doddridge and Stuart refer to Numbers 15:30, 31, but incorrectly, as there the specific sin of apostasy is not mentioned, nor is there mention made of witnesses. Besides, it is not the presumptuous or willful sin there referred to, that is here intended, but the sin of apostasy, when it is the result of a free choice, without any outward constraining power as under violent persecution. — Ed. where we find, that if any one violated God’s covenant by worshipping foreign gods, he was to be brought outside of the gate and stoned to death.
Now, though the Law proceeded from God, and Moses was not its author, but its minister, yet the Apostle calls it the law of Moses, because it had been given through him: this was said in order to amplify the more the dignity of the Gospel, which has been delivered to us by the Son of God.
Under two or three witnesses, etc. This bears not on the present subject; but it was a part of the civil law of Moses that two or three witnesses were required to prove the accused guilty. However, we hence learn what sort of crime the Apostle meant; for had not this been added, an opening would have been left for many false conjectures. But now it is beyond all dispute that he speaks of apostasy. At the same time that equity ought to be observed which almost all statesmen have adopted, that no one is to be condemned without being proved guilty by the testimony of two witnesses. 184184 “Neither the king nor the Senate,” says Grotius, “had the power to pardon.” It is to be observed that God delegated the power to execute apostates to the rulers of Israel: but we find here that he has under the Gospel resumed that power and holds it in his own hands; the execution of the vengeance belongs alone to him, and the punishment will be everlasting perdition. Then to assume such a power now is a most impious presumption, whether done by civil or ecclesiastical rulers. To put apostates or heretics to death, receives no sanction from the Gospel, and is wholly alien to its spirit. — Ed.
29. Who has trodden under foot the Son of God, etc. There is this likeness between apostates under the Law and under the Gospel, that both perish without mercy; but the kind of death is different; for the Apostle denounces on the despisers of Christ not only the deaths of the body, but eternal perdition. And therefore he says that a sorer punishment awaits them. And he designates the desertion of Christianity by three things; for he says that thus the Son of God is trodden under foot, that his blood is counted an unholy thing, and that despite is done to the Spirit of grace. Now, it is a more heinous thing to tread under foot than to despise or reject; and the dignity of Christ is far different from that of Moses; and further, he does not simply set the Gospel in opposition to the Law, but the person of Christ and of the Holy Spirit to the person of Moses.
The blood of the covenant, etc. He enhances ingratitude by a comparison with the benefits. It is the greatest indignity to count the blood of Christ unholy, by which our holiness is effected; this is done by those who depart from the faith. For our faith looks not on the naked doctrine, but on the blood by which our salvation has been ratified. He calls it the blood of the covenant, because then only were the promises made sure to us when this pledge was added. But he points out the manner of this confirmation by saying that we are sanctified; for the blood shed would avail us nothing, except we were sprinkled with it by the Holy Spirit; and hence come our expiation and sanctification. The apostle at the same time alludes to the ancient rite of sprinkling, which availed not to real sanctification, but was only its shadow or image. 185185 The words “covenant,” and “sanctified,” and “unclean” or “unholy,” are derived from the old dispensation. “The blood of the covenant” was the blood shed on the cross; and the reference to it is not as sprinkled for the ratifying of the covenant, but as the blood of atonement, as “the blood of the New Testament, or rather covenant, “shed for many for the remission of sins,” Matthew 26:28. Then “sanctified” has the same meaning here as in verse 10 and in chapter 2:11, expiated or atoned for; “by which he has expiated.” He who professes the Christian faith, professes to believe in the atoning sacrifice of Christ, that Christ shed his blood for many for the remission of sins. As to “unholy,” or rather unclean, such was the blood of a malefactor or impostor, and as such Christ was counted by the Jews and by every Jew who returned to Judaism. — Ed.
The Spirit of grace. He calls it the Spirit of grace from the effects produced; for it is by the Spirit and through his influence that we receive the grace offered to us in Christ. For he it is who enlightens our minds by faith, who seals the adoption of God on our hearts, who regenerates us unto newness of life, who grafts us into the body of Christ, that he may live in us and we in him. He is therefore rightly called the Spirit of grace, by whom Christ becomes ours with all his blessings. But to do despite to him, or to treat him with scorn, by whom we are endowed with so many benefits, is an impiety extremely wicked. Hence learn that all who willfully render useless his grace, by which they had been favored, act disdainfully towards the Spirit of God.
It is therefore no wonder that God so severely visits blasphemies of this kind; it is no wonder that he shows himself inexorable towards those who tread under foot Christ the Mediator, who alone reconciles us to himself; it is no wonder that he closes up the way of salvation against those who spurn the Holy Spirit, the only true guide.
-> zie de voorgaande teksten. Memento noemde ook terecht: Wij bidden u van Christuswege: laat u met God verzoenen. Daaraan kan nog worden toegevoegd: werkt uws zelfs zaligheid, met vrezen en beven, want het is God Die in u werkt, beide het willen en het volbrengen, naar Zijn welbehagen, Fil 2:12
Het hele artikel ademt de sfeer van het hypercalvinisme. Je vindt dit pertinent niet terug bij Calvijn.
Hypercalvinist zijn degenen die niet in de prediking van het Evangelie aan allen geloven, en niet aan zendingswerk doen.
Verder, precies, laat u met God verzoenen, voegende daarbij, dat God het in ons werkt, naar Zijn welbehagen.
Mijn enige troost is, dat ik niet mijn, maar Jezus Christus eigen ben, Die voor mijn zonden betaald heeft, en zo bewaart, dat alles tot mijn zaligheid dienen moet; waarom Hij mij ook door Zijn Heilige Geest van eeuwig leven verzekert, en Hem voortaan te leven van harte willig en bereid maakt.